When it comes to traveling to Cusco and Machu Picchu , one topic that often generates a lot of concern among tourists is altitude sickness , also known as soroche . While it’s true that this illness can affect anyone, regardless of age, physical condition, or gender, there are ways to prevent and treat it to make your experience in Cusco and Machu Picchu as pleasant as possible. In this article, we address the most common questions about altitude sickness and offer valuable tips to avoid its effects.
Altitude sickness is a condition that occurs when the body fails to properly adapt to the lack of oxygen at high altitudes. This happens because the oxygen available in the air decreases as you climb to higher altitudes, which can affect people who are not accustomed to living in such conditions.
Tourists often assume that Machu Picchu is at a higher altitude than Cusco , but it’s actually the other way around. Cusco , the ancient capital of the Inca Empire, sits at 3,399 meters above sea level . By comparison, Machu Picchu , the famous Inca citadel, is situated at 2,430 meters above sea level , which is almost a 1,000-meter difference . Although Machu Picchu is closer to the lower valley floor, its location in the mountains is still considerably high, making altitude sickness a concern for travelers.
Altitude sickness , also known as soroche , occurs due to the decrease in oxygen in the atmosphere as one ascends to high altitudes. Our bodies are accustomed to receiving sufficient oxygen at lower altitudes, where the air is denser. However, when we reach higher altitudes, the body begins to notice this lack of oxygen. Although many people do not experience severe symptoms, altitude sickness is common at altitudes above 2,400 meters above sea level , which includes places like Cusco .
The symptoms of altitude sickness are very characteristic and are generally not severe, but they can be uncomfortable. The most common symptoms include:
It is important to mention that these symptoms are usually mild in most cases and disappear after a period of adaptation to the new environment.
Although altitude sickness is common in Cusco, you don’t have to worry, as there are several ways to prevent and treat it. Here are some practical tips to avoid altitude sickness and enjoy your visit to Cusco and Machu Picchu without any problems.
One of the first recommendations before arriving at high altitudes is to avoid overeating. Instead of eating large, heavy meals, opt for a light diet. Two days before arriving in Cusco , it’s advisable to consume carbohydrates and natural sugars to help your body better adapt to the altitude conditions.
Ideally, you should ascend gradually to altitude to give your body time to adapt. If you arrive in Cusco , it’s best to take it easy for the first few days. Avoid strenuous physical activity for the first 24-48 hours and allow your body to acclimatize to the environment. It’s advisable to get plenty of rest and avoid overexerting yourself.
One of the most traditional ways to combat altitude sickness in Peru is to consume coca leaves , or coca mate . This plant, which has properties that help improve oxygenation of the body, is available in almost all hotels, shops, and restaurants in Cusco . You can consume coca leaves by chewing them or by preparing a coca mate infusion , which is very effective in preventing soroche. You can also find altitude sickness pills in the city’s pharmacies, which offer quick relief from symptoms.
The air at high altitudes is much drier than at low altitudes, which causes greater dehydration. To combat this, it’s crucial to drink plenty of water . Always keep a water bottle with you and drink constantly, even if you don’t feel thirsty. Hydration is key to keeping your body balanced and minimizing the effects of altitude sickness.
Alcohol and caffeinated beverages, such as coffee, are known to cause dehydration. While it may be tempting to enjoy a drink in Cusco’s Plaza de Armas , we recommend avoiding excessive alcohol consumption, especially during the first few days of your arrival. Alcohol can worsen the symptoms of altitude sickness and make it difficult for your body to adapt.
Rest is essential for your body to adapt to the altitude. Try to get enough sleep each night and avoid any type of stress or physical exertion that could leave your body feeling exhausted. Maintaining a relaxed and positive attitude is key to enjoying your experience without letting altitude sickness affect your well-being.
If, despite all precautions, you experience the effects of altitude sickness during your visit to Cusco or Machu Picchu , don’t be alarmed. In most cases, soroche is temporary and can be relieved by taking a break and following some basic recommendations. If symptoms persist or worsen, don’t hesitate to seek medical attention. In Cusco and other nearby cities, you’ll find clinics and hospitals with staff trained to treat altitude sickness and other health emergencies.
Although altitude sickness can be a problem for some travelers, following these simple tips will help you minimize its effects and enjoy Cusco and Machu Picchu to the fullest. Remember that the key is prevention and taking the time to adapt to the altitude. With proper preparation, you can enjoy a unique and wonderful experience in one of the world’s most breathtaking destinations.
If you’re planning your trip to Cusco and Machu Picchu , be sure to follow these tips to avoid altitude sickness and enjoy everything this incredible city has to offer.
Save up to 20% on tours! Get exclusive access to member-only offers by email.
